References are key to providing your readers with the information they need to look up the sources (articles, books, websites, etc.) you used for your paper. References also act to boost the credibility of your research and writing.
Reference Citations are the citations included at the end of your paper in the Reference List, whereas In-Text Citations are the citations you include within the body paragraphs of your paper.
Power Tip: Be sure that your Reference Citations are consistent with your In-Text Citations. Learn more about In-Text Citations here.
Reference Citations are formatted differently depending on what type of source you are citing. Below are the formats for how to cite common sources in APA. If you have a question about how to cite a source that is not included here, please check out the links at the bottom of this page and/or reach out to us at libhelp@egcc.edu.
BOOK WITH ONE AUTHOR
Last Name, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (# edition – not included if first edition). Publisher Name. DOI (if available)
NOTE: A DOI is a Digital Object Identifier. It is persistent link to an item via the Internet. Not all articles and books will have DOIs. If you cannot find one in the database or the item’s landing page, you do not need to include it.
Example:
Tyner, B. (2019). Climbing the literacy ladder: Small-group instruction to support all readers and writers, preK-5. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
BOOK CHAPTER
Last Name, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (# edition, pp. page range of chapter). Publisher Name. DOI (if available)
Example:
Tyner, B. (2019). Research-based components, strategies, and activities. In Climbing the literacy ladder: Small-group instruction to support all readers and writers, preK-5 (pp. 18-43). Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
BOOK WITH TWO AUTHORS
Last Name, A. A., & Last Name, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (# edition – formatted like 2nd ed.). Publisher Name. DOI (if available)
Example:
Stewart, G. L., & Brown, K. G. (2014). Human resource management (3rd ed.). Wiley.
ARTICLE IN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL, WITH MULTIPLE AUTHORS
Last Name, A. A., Last Name, B. B., & Last Name, C. C. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, Volume #(Issue #), page range. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy
Example:
Allen, J., Stevenson, R., & Wang, T. (2021). Creative and resourceful: How human, social, and psychological resources affect creative workers' ability to rebound after failure. Small Business Economics, 57(2), 705-719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00422-z
WEBPAGE OR ONLINE ARTICLE, CREATED BY AN ORGANIZATION
Organization name. (Year, Month Date – n.d. if not included on webpage). Title of webpage. Site name (only include if different from organization name). URL
Example:
American Library Association. (2010, August 17). ALA policy manual. https://www.ala.org/aboutala/governance/policymanual
YOUTUBE OR OTHER STREAMING VIDEOS
Last Name, A. A. [Username]. (Year, Month Date). Title of video [Video]. Streaming Service. URL
NOTE: The person or organization who uploaded the video is considered the author. If the author’s name is the same as the username, you do not have to include the [Username].
Example:
EGCC Library and Information Commons. (2021, April 28). A 30-minute guide to conducting research [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/eglRlxz8AdM
CANVAS COURSE CONTENT (LECTURE NOTES, PRESENTATIONS, VIDEOS, ETC.)
Name of College. (Year, Month Date – n.d. if not included in Canvas). Title of lesson content [File format]. Canvas. URL
Example:
Eastern Gateway Community College. (n.d.). Types of learning styles [Lesson content]. Canvas. https://egcc.instructure.com/courses/23007/pages/read-types-of-learning-styles?module_item_id=1775756
NOTE: Replace the [File format] bracket information with the type of content you are using from that course. For example: PowerPoint slides, Lesson content, Video, PDF file, etc.
The following links can help you learn about how to create Reference Citations and ensure that you achieve consistency in your citations.
