Key Elements for Citing Sources in a Speech
WHO/WHAT: The source of the supporting material
WHEN: State when the source was published, updated, and/or accessed (year/date)
If you are citing information from a digital or print magazine, newspaper, or journal article, state the following:
You do NOT need to cite the page number or the name of the electronic database that you got the article from. You may want to cite the title of the article if it helps differentiate between multiple sources from the same magazine, newspaper, or journal.
Examples:
If you are citing information from a book, state the following:
You do NOT need to cite the page number, publisher name, or city of publication.
Example:
If you are citing information from an interview, state the following:
Please note: Interviews are not the same as informal discussions or class lectures. People being interviewed must be authoritative and credentialed “experts” in their fields.
Examples:
If you are citing information from a website, state the following:
You do NOT need to give the URL.
Please note: It is important to establish the credibility, currency, and objectivity (fact vs. opinion) of the website. You often can verify a website’s “credentials” by looking for links like: “About us” or “Our Mission” or “Who we are.” If you cannot find this information, you may want to consider using a different source. For more information about evaluating website information, please visit our Evaluating Information page.
Examples:
Advice for Oral Citations in a Speech